Note: A placement exam will be required when you arrive on site.

High Intermediate

This course is designed for students who have completed or tested out of a minimum of three semesters (or five quarters) of college-level French. However, students must take a placement exam to determine the course level into which they will be able to enroll.

Advanced and Above

This course is designed for students who have completed or tested out of a minimum of four semesters (or six quarters) of college-level Spanish. However, students must take a placement exam to determine the course level into which they will be able to enroll.

The goal of this lecture is to show how each epoch has made specific contributions to the design of the Parisian landscape, insisting on strokes that have marked the urban setting of the capital up to present time: the crusade of the Roman occupation, the concentric organization of the city due to its successive hurdles, the plan of major roadways and the sites of living quarters. This approach, in underlining traces of the past, permits us to understand the Paris of today- that of Haussmann and the “Grands Travaux”.